A Review of Energy Conservation in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks, energy efficiency plays a major role to determine the lifetime of the network. The network is usually powered by a battery which is hard to recharge. Hence, one major challenge in wireless sensor networks is the issue of how to extend the lifetime of sensors to improve the efficiency. In order to reduce the rate at which the network consumes energy, researchers have come up with energy conservation techniques, schemes and protocols to solve the problem. This paper presents a brief overview of wireless sensor networks, outlines some causes of its energy loss and some energy conservation schemes based on existing techniques used in solving the problem of power management. Keywords: Wireless sensor network, Energy conservation, Duty cycling and Energy efficiency

Polynomial approximation approach to transient heat conduction with internal heat generation

This work reports polynomial approximation approach to transient heat conduction in a long slab, long cylinder and sphere with linear internal heat generation. It has been shown that the polynomial approximation method is able to calculate average temperature as a function of time for higher value of Biot numbers. This agrees with Keshavarz and Taheri [19] and also shows that their work becomes a special case of ours. The simplified relations obtained in this study can be used for engineering calculations in many condition

Further Results on the Effects of Variable Viscosity and Magnetic Field on Flow and Heat Transfer to a Continuous Flat Plate in the Presence of Heat Generation and Radiation with a Convective Boundary Condition

The steady, laminar boundary layer flow with a convective boundary condition, to a continuously moving flat plate is studied taking into account the variation of viscosity with temperature in the presence of a magnetic field, heat gen-eration and thermal radiation. The fluid viscosity is assumed to vary as a linear function of temperature. The resulting, gov-erning equations are non-dimensionalized and transformed using a similarity transformation and then solved numerically by sixth order Runge-Kutta method alongside with shooting method. Comparison with previously published work is performed and there was a perfect agreement at large value of the Biot number. A parametric study of all the embedded flow parameters involved is conducted, and a representative set of numerical results for the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the skin-friction parameter and the Nusselt number is illustrated graphically to show typical trend of the solutions. It is worth pointing out that, when the variation of viscosity with temperature is strong in the presence of the effect of a magnetic field, radiation, heat generation, the results of the present work are completely different from those that studied the same problem in the absence of magnetic field, thermal radiation and the heat generation. It is interesting to note that higher the values of Prandtl number lesser the effects of Biot number and the magnetic field intensit

On the Classification of Gasoline-fuelled Engine Exhaust Fume Related Faults Using Electronic Nose and Principal Component Analysis

The efficiency and effectiveness of every equipment or system is of paramount concern to both the manufacturers and theend users, which necessitates equipment condition monitoring schemes. Intelligent fault diagnosis system using patternrecognition tools can be developed from the result of the condition monitoring. A prototype electronic nose that uses array ofbroadly tuned Taguchi metal oxide sensors was used to carry out condition monitoring of automobile engine using itsexhaust fumes with principal component analysis (PCA) as pattern recognition tool for diagnosing some exhaust relatedfaults. The results showed that the following automobile engine faults; plug-not-firing faults and loss of compression faultswere diagnosable from the automobile exhaust fumes very well with average classification accuracy of 91%.Key words: Electronic nose, Condition Monitoring, Automobile, Fault, Diagnosis, PCA

Survey dataset on open and distance learning students’ intention to use social media and emerging technologies for online facilitation

Open and Distance Learning (ODL) students rely majorly on the use of Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) tools for online facilitation and other activities supporting learning. With an emphasis on ODL students of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Oyo State, Nigeria; Moodle Learning Management System (LMS) has to be the major medium for online facilitation for the past 5 years. Therefore, this data article presents a survey dataset that was administered to LAUTECH ODL students with a view to as�sess their readiness to accept and use alternative social me�dia platforms and emerging technologies for online facilitation. The data article also includes a questionnaire instrument administered via Google form, 900 responses received in spreadsheet formats, chats generated from the responses, the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS) file, and the descriptive and reliability statistics for all the variables. The authors believe that the dataset will guide policymakers on the choice of social media and emerging technologies to be adopted as facilitation tools for ODL students. It will also reveal the challenges that could militate against the willingness to use these supplementary modes of learning from students' perspective